Positive Effects Of Homeschooling

Positive Effects Of Homeschooling This report endeavour to provide a compelling information of the positive effects of homeschooling towards a homeschooled kids lives. Modern homeschooling holds the key of an effective method of learning and attaining new knowledge which can be applied in a homeschooled individual future life. Based on the issue of homeschooling, the opposition protest on the practice of homeschooling because of the concern that homeschooled kids are unable to adapt in real life without parents in the near future. However, modern homeschooling that most of the countries have know are implementing a way whereby the kids will be prepared to face reality and have more positive effects rather than negative impacts on homeschooled kids. Therefore, the practice of homeschooling is exceptionally recommended in todays society and this report will also show evidence to clear out the issue of negative effects in homeschooling raised by some individuals in the society. These days, education has been a crucial priority in a family life. It is important as it ensures a comfortable life and a successful future in an individuals lives. Nowadays, society tends to explore possible ways for a more effective technique or methods to educate their children rather than using the traditional way of sending them to normal school and the high school. Parents now believe that sending their children to private school or colleges will have a better impact to their children in the aspect of education. There also parents who homeschooled their children so they are able to monitor their children education by themselves rather than relying on lecturers. However, in the beginning of the introduction of homeschooling, there people who actually disagree and criticize the method of giving education to children at home. Some government also band homeschooling as they fear of development of religious and social extremist. Some people also pointed out that homeschooled kids lacks in social skills that are eventually needed to face real life especially in university life. As times go on, homeschooling are slowly accepted by some governments and has been legalised and became an incentive for parents to educate their children. with 1.7 2.1 million K-12 students home educated during the 2002-2003 institutional school year, home based education is now arguably the fastest-growing form of education, compared to public and private institutional schooling (Ray cited by Jones P. And Gloeckner G., 2004). This proves that homeschooled based education has been practiced by families and are increasing in number. Even though there are certain government who actually legalised the practice of homeschooling such as in America, Denmark and France, there are people who voiced out their opinions and told to stop the practice of homeschooling. This has lead to the question does homeschooling have more positive than negative effects on homeschooled kids? As researches are made thoroughly in this issue, it can be concluded that homeschooling have a variety of positive effects that outweigh its negative effects because homeschooling tends to be better in socializing, became more independent and procure a stronger bond with their family members. This report will show compelling evidence of the reasons that homeschooling have a better outcome in the kids. The research is restricted to countries which homeschooled has been legalised in order to procure a better understanding on its effects on the kids. HOMESCHOOLING KIDS BETTER IN SOCIALIZING Concerns have been rising among the opposition of homeschooling on whether homeschooled kids are able to learn and practice the art of socializing. They believe that homeschooled kids are unable to cope with the advanced socializing skills as they proceed into the real world out of home and into colleges and universities. They have argued that homeschooled kids spend too much time at home with their parents rather than outside. They noted that homeschooled kids spent less time on outdoor activities especially with their peers which are believed to be an important part in developing social skills in an individual life. However this is not true and unproven at all. The opposition thinks to narrowly as they are more focused in the word home in homeschooling and concluded that they spent times at home. The kids are homeschooled but they are not home activist? Homeschooled kids just learn at home but they still spent a lot of their time doing leisure activities outside of home. They are also better in social skills than their traditional peers Homeschooling provides an excellent opportunity to approach socialization from this perspective, because it removes a huge level of daily, value-based-on-externals, chameleon-creating, soul-crushing peer pressure from our childrens lives'(Molewyk, 2010).It shows that homeschooling teaches a different way of learning to socialize which are far better than how learning to socialize is applied in public or private school which has been stressing kids. Nowadays, the community who actually supports the idea of homeschooling have established homeschooling groups and as sociation which functions to host activities for homeschooled kids. A lot of activities have been hosted by these groups to ensure homeschooled kids are balanced in their studies and social activities. For an example they arranged sports clubs such as soccer, basketball and others for homeschooled kids and also hosted games between clubs from different region where kids can mingle around with new friends. This has helped a lot in developing useful social skills in the kids. Furthermore, homeschooling group activities involve a variety of people coming from different places, religion and very importantly from different ages. This exposure to a wide variety of community significantly increases the capability of homeschooled kids to interact and enhances their social skills to a higher level. Basically, homeschooled kids learns more from interaction with people who are older than them and helps develop their maturity rather than their traditional peers who are schooled in public school who interact mostly with friends of the same age and hardly learns new things from them. Moreover, homeschooled kids learn to interact with grownups simply by having interaction within the family. Family members often dont have the personalities youd seek out in friends. Learning to get along with such vastly different personality types in a healthy waylearning how to get real with them, saying what you mean, and setting healthy boundariesis excellent training for dealing wi th different personality types (Molewyk, 2010). This encourages them to be more confident in speaking with people are more matured and teaches them the ways to approach people who have different and a diversity of personality in the society. The evidence stated has proven that homeschooling children gives an exceptional unique technique of socializing that are required to face real modern life and people that are existing now. It also guarantees a better life of the kids in the near future and teaches them to overcome reality itself. HOMESCHOOLED KIDS ARE MORE INDEPENDENT The opposition has gone so far as to speak of homeschooled kids lacks on the ability to be an independent individual. They stated that homeschooled kids relied too much on their parents instead to give an effort to do things on their own. To be an individual that knows how to live independently is important because parents are not always there when they are needed especially when an individual is going to the university where they need to rely on friends and self-learning. They also pointed out that a homeschooled kid does not have the capability to perform or learn new things without depending on others because they were always spoon fed by their parents during their homeschooling days. Moreover, most of the problems being faced by homeschooled kids are settled by parents which causes those kids to have less experience in dealing problems by themselves. As a consequence, homeschooled kids are unable to handle problems and predicament situation in universities life due to the longing independence towards parents that has been implied through homeschooling before. Indeed it is plausible to argue that homeschooled kids lacks in independent skills, Yet other evidence suggest that homeschooled kids are actually more independent than their traditional peers. Homeschooled kids are said to be more independent because they are more exposed to a wide variety of people in the society regardless of age, races and religion as compared to their traditional peers where they are learning things only among themselves and does not have much difference in the way of thinking and handling problems. Their thoughts and ideas are limited whereby homeschooled kids who mingled with a diverse society where there is a diverse thought and ideas. Homeschoolers acquire other homeschoolers unique experiences and are able to implement it into their independent lives in the future especially in college and university life. These variations helped homeschooled kids to feel more secured in dealing with unusual experiences. Besides that, homeschooled kids learn to be independe nt through their parents. Naturally, children look up their parents in building up their style and etiquette. Homeschooled kids are able to familiarize with independent life by observing their parents carrying out their daily responsibilities in the family. In addition, supporters of homeschooling asserts homeschooled kids are more independent than their traditional peers in the way they learn and acquire knowledge by themselves without depending much on others. In a homeschooling environment, kids are taught by parents only in certain aspects of the syllabus while additional information are procured by the kids themselves through other sources such as internet and researches. This is called independent learning. Unlike their traditional peers who mainly relying on what teachers or lecturers are giving and have a narrow understanding on the subject, homeschooled kids gain a better understanding through research and observation they have made. The knowledge achieved in this way are more appreciated as it comes from an individual willing and hard work. Furthermore, homeschooled kids are better in applying the knowledge in their real life rather than students who went to schools, mostly learn knowledge just for the sake of examination and forget what they have learned easily after the examinations have ended. This portrays that homeschooled kids are more productive because of the independent learning instigated in homeschooling as they are able to use knowledge in a sense of deep understandings and applications in their daily lives. Hence, it is proven that homeschooling has helped a lot in the kids future lives, as it prepares them to overcome problems by themselves as it teaches them how to be independent and helped them to apply knowledge holistically in their imminent and challenging future. HOMESCHOOLED KIDS PROCURE A STRONGER BOND WITH FAMILY In an article wrote by Ko, (1997), she had expressed her concern on sending her children to an institutional school which is the Waldorf school and seeing children being exposed to negatives influences there. She also believed rather than sending her children to an institutional school, it is better to homeschooled them where she is able to observe them, hinder them from negative influences and most importantly being able to enjoy her time with them. From the experiences shared by Mrs. Ko, it can be claimed that homeschooling enable kids to procure a stronger bond with their families. Parents are responsible in developing their childrens behaviours. Parents have the authority to control their children activities and outside exposure. Homeschooling are able to restore a critical social function that has been lost in families who send their children in an institutional school which is education to children from family. Homeschooled kids are protected from being affected by unwanted behaviour which is happening frequently in institutional schools. Parents education to children is crucial as it impose the responsibility of the parents in moulding their children for a better future. In homeschooling, parents decide on the children learning materials, curriculum activities and with whom they are interacting with. Parents and children can spend more time together and share their daily experiences which creates a unique bonds between them. Homeschooled kids understand more about their parents and enhanced the trust between them. They learn how to achieve a common goal tog ether through home-based learning and improve communication and love between them. Furthermore, homeschooled kids spend more times with their siblings at home. It develops a close ties between them. Homeschooled kids learns with their brothers or sisters and care for younger siblings at home. They are also able to model their older siblings who are homeschooled too. Sharing of daily experiences improved their communication skills with a wide range of ages and increases understandings among them. Thus, kids who are homeschooled gain one of the most crucial aspects of life which is love and bonds between family members. By having this unique bond through homeschooling it creates a peaceful and harmonious living in the family institution. RECOMMENDATION Homeschooling groups should expose more about the practice of homeschooling to the society in an expo. There, they should consider showing the steps needed to be taken to establish a well-organized homeschooling of the kids to parents. Moreover, they need to introduce some preferable schedules to give parents a starting point of giving their children a home-based education. The parents need to be taught on how to have a balanced life of working and educating their children to prevent any unnecessary conflicts between parents and their children such as lack of attention. These kind of support will surely encourage more member of the society to apply the concept of homeschooling in their lives. Furthermore, problems that has been argued by the opposition that homeschooled kids are unable to face reality of life in the future can be overcome by careful planning in homeschooled families and increasing the number of social activities done outside of home with other homeschooled kids around the world. This will significantly reduces the chance of a homeschooled kid being drop behind. CONCLUSION It is proven that homeschooling have a variety of positive effects on homeschooled kid even with the negative impacts that has been stated by the opposition of the issue. Homeschooling enable kids to procure a better technique in socializing and trained them to be independent and live independently. Most importantly homeschooled kids are able to appreciate family member more and thus procure a stronger bond with them. As a conclusion the practice of homeschooling will be a popular way of educating children in the future due to the benefits that it offers to the society.

Motives for British Imperialism in Africa Essays -- Imperialism Africa

Motives for British Imperialism in Africa Before the Europeans began the New Imperialism in Africa, very little was known about the inner parts of the continent. However, after some explorers delved deeper into the heart of Africa, the Europeans soon realized how economically important this area was, and how much they could profit from it. At the time, Britain had only small occupations of land in Africa, but after they realized that they could make money from the rich resources from the inner regions of Africa, they wanted to invade the African countries and take over. This led to the scramble and ultimately, the partition of Africa. During the Age of Imperialism, from 1870-1914, Britain was a major country, which proved to be true in the â€Å"carving up† and division of Africa. Britain was one of the strongest of the European countries, and had the power to take over much of the most valuable lands with the most rich and abundant supplies of raw materials and other resources. There were five main reasons for their imperialism. They were political and military interests, humanitarian and religious goals, ideological, exploratory, and lastly, but most importantly, economic interests. As for the political reasons, Britain simply wanted to remain competitive with other countries, such as Germany and France. At the time, the British had no allies, and the other countries such as France and Germany, were getting economically more stable. By taking over Africa, and setting up colonies, they would have allies and a sense of protection. Germany and France were also some of the bigger powers in Europe, and the British feared them because they needed to keep up with the competition of their rival countries. They were pretty much forced to practice imperialism because of the growing threat of Germany and France. The British continued to be imperialists until the beginning of World War 1, in 1914, because they feared that they might lose their empire. They conquered and added on many parts of Africa, such as Egypt, South Africa, Nigeria, the Suez Canal, etc†¦ In most cases, the reasons for this was that were able to colonize these people and gain alliances with them an d also to send out the message to other countries that they were still competitive. One prime example of this, was how Britain bought the Suez Canal into their own power. Fredinand de Lesseps, a Frenc... ...e from India. That was the underlying tenet of all British imperialism. Throughout history, the British have been a nation of sailors and businessmen. With the dawn of the imperial era, money began to equal power, and the wealth of the British elevated them to the top of the world. As Sir Walter Raleigh said, "Whosoever commands the sea commands the trade; whosoever commands the trade of the world commands the riches of the world, and consequently the world itself." India was where the riches of the world came from, the jewel in the crown of the British Empire. The British needed to dispel the threat of other Europeans in Africa to maintain control of India, and they did so efficiently. They quickly gained control of both the major sea routes to India and then turned their eyes to the rest of the continent. Whether the British were trying to foster public support or prevent another nation from becoming a threat, all British actions in Africa were directly or indirectly linked to India. The British were motivated by their desire to become powerful, and they skillfully combined enterprise and conquest to create a globe spanning empire centered around the wealth of India.

Cleopatra Essays -- essays research papers

When you think of Cleopatra you tend to think of Cleopatra, Queen of the Nile. Which isn’t far from the truth. Cleopatra was queen of Egypt, which is located on the Nile River. In her lifetime she had every luxury imaginable, which she used to gain the popularity of the roman authority. She was very important in terms of Egyptian history. However she was also very well known in terms of Roman history. She seduced some of most well known Roman men of her time. Cleopatra was a seductress. Who used her fame and fortune to seduce these men. Some of these men included such men as Julius Caesar and Marc Antony. Cleopatra was born in 69 BC She was the last Ptolemaic ruler. Her father was the Ptolemy XII. She was very, which added to her popularity of the Egyptian and Roman world. Cleopatra t...

I Hope to Explain the Birth of Our Universe :: Graduate Admissions Essays

I Hope to Explain the Birth of Our Universe. Â   Since childhood, the studies of philosophy and science have interested me profoundly. Having read many books on relativity, quantum mechanics, existentialism, religion, capitalism, democracy and post-Aristotelian philosophy, my quest for knowledge has only intensified. Certainly, the purpose of my life is to discover a greater understanding of the universe and its people. Specifically, I plan to better grasp the interrelationship among forces, matter, space, and time. In addition, I hope to find a unified field theory and a convincing explanation for the birth of the universe. Â   During the summer of tenth grade, I took a number theory course at Johns Hopkins University with students from Alaska, California, and Bogota, Colombia. My attendance of the New Jersey Governor's School in the Sciences is another accomplishment that exemplifies my dedication to knowledge. During the summer following eleventh grade, I took courses in molecular orbital theory, special relativity, cognitive psychology, and I participated in an astrophysics research project. For my independent research project, I used a telescope to find the angular velocity of Pluto. With the angular velocity determined, I used Einstein's field equations and Kepler's laws to place an upper bound on the magnitude of the cosmological constant, which describes the curvature of space and the rate of the universe's expansion. Â   In addition to learning science, I recently lectured physics classes on special relativity at the request of my physics teacher. After lecturing one class for 45 minutes, one student bought many books on both general and special relativity to read during his study hall. Inspiring other students to search for knowledge kindles my own quest to understand the world and the people around me. Â   Also, as president of the National Honor Society, I tutor students with difficulties in various subject areas. Moreover, I am ranked number one in my class, and I am the leading member of the Math Team, the Academic Team, and the Model Congress Team. In the area of leadership, I have recently received the Rotary Youth Leadership Award from a local rotary club and have been asked to attend the National Youth Leadership Forum on Law and the Constitution in Washington D.C. Currently enrolled in Spanish 6,I am a member of both the Spanish Club and the Spanish Honor Society. Â   As student council president, I have begun a biweekly publication of student council activities and opinions.

Post Cold War

Explain why the ending of the Cold War was not followed by a period of world peace and stability. ____________________________________________________________ ___________ The ending of the cold war did not leave any sign of hope for the world to live in peace and prosperity. Until this second, there are hundreds of men, women and children being killed, injured, raped and executed for various reasons, some which may be legit while others are war related objectives. The world, not sure if this is the right word for it now, has gone and still is through some very tremendous events in the last 17 years or so, starting off with the gulf war which shocked the world in one night, Kosovo war, Al-Aqsa Intifada, war in Afghanistan, war on terror and Iraq, the list can go on and on, some which remain in the books of history and some which are still written about in history books today as that they are ongoing conflicts and example would be the war on terror. To make this whole concept I just talked about more clearly, I will try to explain the reasons to why the ending of the Cold War was not followed by a period of world peace and stability, by talking about the gulf war and how one night changed the lives and situations of many nations, mainly Israel and Palestine and how the PLO (Palestine Liberation Organization) played a major role in this war, leading to the Palestinian Intifada and the current events that are happening right now. The Gulf war was simply a conflict between Iraq and a coalition force from 35 nations authorized by the United Nations (UN) and led primarily by the United States in order to liberate Kuwait. [1] The Gulf War had two major impacts. First, the war was a catalyst for regional changes that started several years before the eruption of the crisis itself. The polarization of the Arab world was intensified by the invasion of an Arab state by another. Second, the war demonstrated which political terms existed in the Middle East at the time of the Iraqi invasion. On a rhetorical level, Saddam Hussein established a link between the Persian Gulf crisis and the Israeli occupation of the West Bank and Gaza, thus demonstrating the destabilizing effect of the unresolved Israeli-Palestinian conflict. The Iraqi leader compared the Iraqi invasion with the Israeli occupation of the West Bank and Gaza and demanded Israeli withdrawal before even considering a pullback from Kuwait. [2] During the Gulf War, the Israeli public took a step to the right, legitimizing the sanctions the Likud-government posed on the Palestinians. The sanctions were a result of two circumstances: the failing of the Palestinians – especially the PLO and the moderate political leaders in the West Bank – to condemn the Iraqi invasion; and the images of Palestinians cheering the Iraqi Scuds raining down on Tel Aviv. [3] Israel closed the borders between ‘Israel-proper' and the occupied territories, preventing Palestinian workers from attending their jobs in Israel. Despite an increase of nearly half a million in the Israeli population due to immigration from Russia between 1989 and 1991, the Israeli policy resulted in a reduction in the GDP and a deterioration of the economic situation activity (ibid. )[4]. For the Palestinians, an already difficult economic situation got worse. This resulted in a boomerang-effect for Israel, intensifying the level of conflict with the Palestinians With the outbreak of the intifada, the core of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict moved inside the occupied territories, and the Green-line was re-drawn. The broad mobilization of nearly all layers of the Palestinian society in the earliest stages of the uprising strengthened the national unity. This kind of communal uprising turned out to be more difficult for Israel to fight than the PLO-launched guerilla-attacks from Arab territory during the 1970's (Hunter 1991). Despite the optimism[5], the standard of living continued to deteriorate because of the mass-arrests, arbitrary detention and curfews carried out by the Israeli security forces (IDF and the border police). While many would agree that the mentioned above can be directly linked to the events that are going right now in Palestine and that have went on for the last couple of years, many would disagree, but if you want to look at it from a historical angle, it has a lot to do with the Gulf War. The end of the Cold War is a main point of reference in this analysis. However, important changes affecting the political situation in the Middle East started years before the Berlin-Wall was torn down, and the Soviet Empire crumbled. Therefore one might ask if the ‘window of opportunity' would have ‘opened' if the Cold War had continued. Would the locally initiated structural changes by themselves created a momentum for peace? My answer is that the combined effects of changes at the extra-regional level (the end of the Cold War), the regional level (the Gulf War), and the local level (the intfada) in sum ‘opened' the window and let groups in the Israeli and Palestinian leaderships willing and ready to negotiate peace inside. Ultimately, Israel was successful in containing the uprising. The Palestinians' force was inferior in relation to the well equipped and trained Israeli Defense Forces. However, the Intifada pinpointed numerous problems with the IDF's conduct in the operative and tactical fields, as well as the general problem of Israel's prolonged control of the West Bank and Gaza strip. These problems were noticed and widely criticized, both in international forums (in particular, when humanitarian questions were at stake), but also in Israeli public opinion, in which the Intifada had caused a split. 6] Bibliography 1. Abadi, Jacob (1994): â€Å"The Gulf War and Its Implications for Israel†. Journal of South Asian and Middle Eastern Studies, Vol 17, No. 3 (55-78). 2. Freedman, Robert. The middle East after Iraq’s Invasion of Kuwait, University Press of Florida, 1993 (213-215) 3. Walsh, Ben. Modern world history, John Murray, London, 2001 4. Choueiri, Youssef M. (1997): Islamic fundamentalism -rev. ed. London : Pinter 5. Kuper, Adam and Jessica Ku per (eds. ) (1996): The Social Science Encyclopedia (Second edition). London and New York: Routledge. 6. Keddie, Nikki R. (1992): â€Å"The end of the Cold War and the Middle East†. In Hogan (ed. ) The End of the Cold War. Its meaning and implications (151-161). 7. Clarke, Richard. Against all enemies: Inside America’s war on terror, Free Press, 2004 (62-64) 8. Benny Morris, Righteous Victims: A History of the Zionist-Arab Conflict, 1881-1999, Knopf, 1999. p. 612 ———————– [1] The reported number of countries participating in the Coalition varies according to source. These variations may be in part be due to uncertainty over what level of participation constitutes being a Coalition member, and vagueness over the organization timeline of the Coalition. Examples of count variations include: an Arab anti-Gulf War essay – 31; CNN – 34; an Arab media site – 36; the Heritage Foundation (a US conservative think tank citing a 1991 Department of Defense report) – 38; US Institute of Medicine report on Gulf War Veterans' Health – 39. The number of Coalition members has been reported to be as low as 19 at the beginning of the air campaign. 2] Freedman, Robert. The middle East after Iraq’s Invasion of Kuwait, University Press of Florida, 1993 [3] Even the Peace Now-organization and well known peace-activists like Amoz Oz and Yael Dayan supported the sanctions the Likud-government posed on the Palestinians [4] Kuper, Adam and Jessica Kuper (eds. ) (1996): The Social Science Encyclopedia (Second edition). London and Ne w York: Routledge. [5] Choueiri, Youssef M. (1997): Islamic fundamentalism -rev. ed. London : Pinter [6] Benny Morris, Righteous Victims: A History of the Zionist-Arab Conflict, 1881-1999, Knopf, 1999. p. 612

Related Literature and Review of Related Studies for Fertilizer Essay

Commonly known as ‘Styrofoam’ that is one of the most widely used type of plastics. It is a strong plastic created from erethylene and benzine that can be injected, extruded, or blow molded; making it a very useful and versatile manufacturing material. It is also a rigid, transparent thermoplastic, which is present in solid or glassy state at normal temperature. But, when heated above its glass transition temperature, it turns into a form that flows and can be easily used for molding and extrusion. It becomes solid again when it cools off. This property of polystyrene is used for casting it into molds with fine detail. Pure polystyrene polymer is colorless and hard with limited flexibility. Polystyrene is hard and brittle and has a density of 1. 050 g/cm3. It is represented by the chemical formula, C8H8. It have very low impact strengths of less than 0. 5ft-lb. commercially available impact polystyrene grades can be obtained with values of 1. 0 – 4. 0 ft-lb. Generally, polystyrenes are not produced with greater than 15% total rubber because of polymerization processing constraints. Nevertheless, impact properties can be increased substantially without additional rubber by the proper control of rubber particle size, percentage of grafting, cross-linking, and percentage of gel. Flexural strengths for polystyrenes can be obtained from 5000 to 18000psi and are also decreased by the addition of rubber and other additives to the polystyrene. Elongations can be obtained from 1% for crystal polystyrene to 100% for some impact polystyrene grades. Eggshells The calcium carbonate is the one that gives egg shell its hardy strength – a common substance found in rocks. The team found that calcium carbonate made up almost 98 per cent of an egg shell. The remaining two per cent comprises proteins which act as the â€Å"cement† to hold the calcium carbonate together. The organic matter of eggshell and shell membranes contain proteins as major constituents with small amounts of carbohydrates and lipids (Burley and Vadehra, 1989). Bronsch and Diamantstein (1965) analyzed uronic acid in eggshells and reported a signi? cant correlation between the uronic acid content and the breaking strength of the shell. Uronic acid is a constituent sugar of glycosaminoglycan. Under the characterization measurements investigated, it was found that the eggshell pore structures of the two biomaterials belong to a typical Type II, indicating that they should be basically characteristic of nonporous materials or materials with macropores or open voids. Further, the chemical composition of the resulting eggshell particle was strongly associated with the presence of carbonate minerals from the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra. In contrast to the resulting eggshell membrane particle, the presence of functional groups of amines and amides was observable because of its chemical composition of fibrous proteins. From the isotherm data of methylene blue at 25  °C, the Freundlich model yielded a somewhat better fit than the Langmuir model. The adsorption isotherms revealed the eggshell biosorbents could only uptake the basic dye of less than 1. 0 mg/g in aqueous medium, which was attributed to their poor pore properties. Oyster Shell Oyster-shell are used as construction materials, especially as a mixture for concrete, it is required to quantify the salinity content of oyster-shell, which is the basis of limiting the amount of oyster-shell in the mixture. The salinity content in oyster-shells turns out to be approximately 0. 5%, derived from the proportion of the whole weight of oyster-shell to the total amount of chloride ions (Cl) pertaining to the relevant provision (Yoon, 2000). Converting this to the regulation value of the chloride ions, 0. 3 kgf/m3, the amount of oyster-shell per 1 m3should not be greater than 85. 7kgf. Therefore, assuming that granular materials in the concrete are 7 00–800 kgf/m3, oyster-shells should not begreater than 10% in the granular materials to preventthe salt damage. Oyster-shell is entirely composed of CaCO3 (approximately 96%) and other minerals of trivial amount. Various oyster-shells due to sources and individual characteristics are almost similar in the chemical composition. The mineral phase of calcium carbonate turns out to be calcite. Related Studies Foreign Xu, Yi; Jiang, Linhua; Xu, Jinxia; Li, Yang (2012) pointed out that mix proportion parameters of expanded polystyrene (EPS) lightweight aggregate concrete are analyzed by using Taguchi’s approach. The density, compressive strength and stress-strain behavior were tested. The optimal mixture of EPS lightweight aggregate concrete was selected among experiments under consideration to manufacture the lightweight hollow bricks. The results show that EPS dosage has the most significant effect on compressive strength of EPS lightweight aggregate concrete, then water and cement ratio, while the content of cement and sand ratio play a comparatively less important part. The relationship between density and compressive strength of EPS lightweight aggregate concrete is proposed as [f. sub. c] = 2. 43 x [[gamma]. sup. 2. 997] x [10. sup. -9]. The legitimacy of the use of EPS lightweight bricks made by EPS lightweight aggregate concrete is confirmed. According to the study of Sohrab Veiseh1 and Ali A.  Yousefi2 (2003) the heavy weight of bricks accounts for the great mass of construction and thus causes more vulnerability against earthquake forces. In the present work, it is, therefore, tried to reduce the density of the bricks, as well as improve thermal insulation properties. Polystyrene foam is one of the substances that is added to the raw materials of bricks, as a pore-forming material. The effect of PSF type and its content in the mix, and also the effect of firing process temperature of the bricks on density, water absorption and compressive strength, are investigated and discussed in this paper. Tests showed that by increasing the polystyrene foam additive, the compressive strength and density of the bricks decreases, though the water absorption increases. Therefore, it is necessary to specify the ways for improvement and optimization of clay body so that by reducing the density, the strength of the brick is not reduced considerably. Adding even 2% of recycled polystyrene foam keeps the compressive strength of the resulted bricks as suitable for load bearing ordinary bricks according to the Iranian standard. Rassimi Abdul Ghani, Mohd Hanafiah Abidin, Ahmad Zafir Romli, Mohd Hariz Kamarudin, Zaleha Afandi and Muhamad Faizal Abd Halim (2010) of the Institute Of Science,Uitm,Malaysia pointed out that one of the world’s oldest waste into useful flooring materials. They made tiles from eggshells. Naming the tiles EPoSTi, they made composite tiles by combining polymers and chicken eggshells, an innovation from domestic waste. Explaining their work in an expo, the use of eggshells in micro size will increase the rigidity and stiffness of the composite, making it a suitable flooring material. This is due to the nature of eggshells which can be used as rigid particulate fillers of the tiles. The combination offers excellent impact resistance, as it is able to withstand force applied to it. In short, it is durable. According to the study of M. N. FreireI, II; J. N. F. HolandaI (2000) in Brazil, the food industry generates every year huge amounts of eggshell waste, and a critical question is to find an adequate use for this waste. The aim of this work is to determine the chemical, mineralogical and physical characteristics of a nonprocessed eggshell waste sample, as well as to investigate its use in wall tile paste. The sample was analyzed regarding to chemical composition, X-ray diffraction, morphology, particle size analysis, density, organic matter, soluble salts, and thermal analysis. The results indicated that the eggshell waste sample rich in CaCO3 can be used as an alternative raw material in the production of wall tile materials. According to the study of Obrero, F. M. (2005) pointed out that there is possibility of producing ceramics from oyster shells. Powdered oyster shells were used instead of silica in the production of ceramics. The texture, color and durability were compared to those made with silica. Six kilograms of Vigan clay and 2. 5 kg of ball clay were mixed and soaked in water overnight. The following day, the mixture was kneaded and filtered twice. After this, one kilogram of powdered oyster shell was mixed with the kneaded mixture then kneaded again and filtered. The mixture was placed over Plaster of Paris for the water to be absorbed. The solidified mixture was then rolled and compressed to let the air escape from the spaces inside the solidified mixture. After this, the mixture was molded, air dried for four days and fired in a furnace. Three trials were made at different temperatures — 900oC, 950oC and 1000oC. It was found out that the texture of the experimental set-up is better than the control set-up. It was also found out that the color of the experimental set-up is comparable to the control set-up. Tests of durability of the ceramics, which were done at SLU College of Engineering Laboratory, revealed that the experimental set-up is more durable than the control set-up. This proves that oyster shell can be utilized in the production of ceramics. It also affirms that ceramics made using oyster shells are better than those produced using silica in terms of texture and durability. Gil-Lim Yoon, Byung-Tak Kim, Baeck-Oon Kim, Sang-Hun Han (2002) pointed out that possibility to recycle the waste as construction materials, chemical and mechanical characteristics of crushed oyster-shell were investigated. Chemical and microstructure analyses showed that oyster-shells are predominantly composed of calcium carbonate with rare impurities. Compressive strength tests for soil mortar specimens with varying blending ratio of cement, water, sand, and oyster-shell were compared with normal cement mortar. There was no signi? cant reduction in the compressive strength up to 40% of dosages of oyster-shell instead of sand. The experimental results demonstrate that oyster-shells can be resources of pure calcareous materials and effective in replacement of sand, indicating promising reusable construction materials. Local Cecilia Amor Fenol, Maria Riza Berna Sabate, Jamie Kathleen Sy, Reah Grace Camongol and Nicole Mejia (2008) pointed out that egg shells can be used as an alternative for sand in making a hollow block. It is more effective and shows lesser cracks as it is dropped from a height of 2 feet. It can be used to lessen the expenses and at the same time we helped the environment by recycling these egg shells. According to our research, the reason why egg shells are effective in making hollow block is because it contains Calcium Carbonate that gives hardness and strength. We also concluded that this egg shell hollow block can be used to support building so that when earthquake strikes our country, its strength and durability will show.

Safeguarding And Protection Of Vulnerab

To protect somebody is to keep them safe from harm and injury and the term safeguarding means to protect from harm or damage with appropriate measures. As a person's mental capacity is relevant with regards to safeguarding, as a worker, you have to accept that an adult is making choices that to you may be unwise, but If they are deemed to have mental capacity, there is very little you can do apart from advise them of this. As adult safeguarding is not â€Å"clear cut† you have to ensure that you do not think the decisions they are making are unwise because you yourself wouldn't do it.The majority of our client group are vulnerable, and if we look at the adults that e work with that misuse substances, this can be a grey area with regards to safeguarding. Obviously if an adult chooses to use a substance, that is their decision, however, substances impair your mind and your Judgment, so if something happens to them whilst they are under the Influence, this should be a safeguardin g matter and should be dealt with accordingly.By protecting somebody this could imply that others are making a decision for an adult rather than with them, but the current safeguarding legislation in place accepts that individuals have the right to take risks o long as they have capacity and understand the implication or consequences. An example of this would be a client who we are currently working with who is a dependent alcoholic with cataracts in both eyes so he has virtually no sight. This man Is extremely vulnerable to theft and people taking advantage of him.The work that we do to protect him wealth the home Is practical things Like removing trip hazards, putting things back exactly where they are in the flat and guiding him when we take him out shopping. This man became the subject of safeguarding when somebody knocked his door claiming to be a council official and demanded that he ay all of his Council tax arrears. Secondly, one of his â€Å"friends† used to do his s hopping for him but this has resulted in money going missing from his bank account. This gentleman does have mental capacity although this has to be questioned if he has decided to drinks whole bottle of vodka.Although it is not good for him, it is his decision to drink alcohol and that has to be respected. We can advise him of the risks to his health and how this could put him in vulnerable situations. We can protect him from his friend having access to this bank account by owing shopping for him, however, If he refuses this request, we can only make him aware that money may well go missing again. We all have a duty of care towards our Child Protection, different social care teams can have very different views/opinions on what is a safeguarding matter. . 3 Explain the legislative framework for safeguarding vulnerable adults There are many Acts and Government initiatives in place with regards to vulnerable adults safeguarding. Human Rights Act (1998) – This Act is a benchmark upon which services can assess how they uphold an individuals rights. Public bodies such as Police, Courts, hospitals etc, and other bodies carrying out public functions have to comply with the Convention rights. The list below details the fundamental rights and freedoms that individuals have access to.Everyone has a right to life, a life with freedom from torture and inhuman or degrading treatment. A right to liberty and security, freedom from slavery and forced labor. The right too fair trial with no punishment without law. Respect for your private and family life, home and correspondence. Freedom of thought, belief and religion and freedom of expression. Protection from discrimination in respect of these rights and freedom. Freedom of expression and the right to marry and start a family. The right to peaceful enjoyment of your property and the right to education.Care Standards Act (2000) – this led onto National Minimum Standards and means of measuring care service qualit y. This act has established an independent regulatory body for care services, (the National Care Standards Commission). Independent Councils are required to register Social Care Workers, set standards in social care work and regulate the education and training of Social Workers. It provides for the Secretary of State to maintain a list of individuals who are considered unsuitable to work with vulnerable adults.The main purpose of the Act is that local authorities will be required to meet the same standards as independent sector providers. The Act made for the provision of a General Social Care Council whose role it is are to regulate the training of Social Workers, raise standards in social care through codes and conduct and practice with a register of social care staff to be set up and maintained by the council. Care providers who supply individuals to work in care sections will be under a duty to refer people to the list who are considered unsuitable to work with vulnerable adults .Care providers have to carry out checks of the list before offering employment in a care position working with vulnerable adults and should refuse employment to any person. No Secrets (2000) – This guidance was produced due to serious incidents of abuse and to also ensure compliance with the Human Rights Act. Although No Secrets is not legislation it holds the status of statutory guidance and local social services should follow this. The key statements in relation to No Secrets are; Every person has he right to live a life free from abuse, exploitation and neglect.There should be no discrimination regarding abuse because of assumptions about class, gender, age, disability, sexual orientation, race, religion or culture. Adults at risk of abuse must be made aware of their rights and given information, advice and support. They should be enabled and encouraged to access the protection of the law and legal processes where they wish to do so. Every effort must be made to promote t he well being, security and safety of adults at risk of abuse in line with their rights, mental capacity n the course of action to take whilst being given all possible forms of support.An adult may choose to remain in an abusive environment, and, in such cases it is important to consider what advice and support can be offered to reduce the risk of harm. Effective inter agency working is crucial for the safeguarding of adults from abuse. Effective information sharing, collaborations and understanding between agencies and professions are paramount in safeguarding adults. No single agency can act in isolation to ensure the welfare and protection of adults at risk of abuse and information and decision making must be shared.Valuing People (2001) – This is specifically related to those with learning disabilities and has been written from a human rights perspective and also started the personalization agenda. It includes the several key rights; People with learning disabilities and their families have the same human rights as everyone else. Independent Living – All disabled people should have greater choice and control over the support they need to go about their daily life. They should have greater access to housing, education, employment, leisure and transport and be giving the opportunity to participate fully in family and community life.Control – People with disabilities are to be involved and in control of decisions made about their life. They are to be provided with the information and support to understand the different options and consequences so that they can make informed decisions. Inclusion – Being able to participate in all the aspects of community. To work, learn and meet people. To become part of a social network and be able to access services and have the support to do so. Safeguarding Adults (2005) – The aim of this was to change the concept of protection and was geared towards those who lacked capacity.This is wher e the concept of upgrading emerged with individuals taking informed risks and exercising choices rather than authorities taking the lead. Safeguarding Adults (2005) is made up of eleven sets of good practice standards. Each local authority has established a multi agency partnership to lead in safeguarding adults work. Accountability for and ownership of safeguarding adults work is to be recognized by each partner's organizations body. The safeguarding policy includes a clear statement of every individual's right to live free from abuse and neglect, this message is to be actively promoted to the public.Each partner agency should have a policy of zero tolerance of abuse within the organization. The safeguarding adults partnership oversees a multi agency workforce that is appropriately resourced with a development and training strategy. Anybody can access information about how to gain safety from abuse and violence to include information about local safe guarding procedures. There is a local multi agency safeguarding adults policy describing how local authorities respond to all adults who may be eligible for community care services and who may be at risk of abuse of neglect.Each partner agency has a set of internal guidelines that are insistent with the local authority safe guarding adults policy. The guidelines set out the responsibilities of all employees/workers. The safeguarding adults procedures include the following stages – alert, referral, decision, safeguarding assessment monitoring. The safeguarding procedures are available to all adults covered by the policy. The partnership agency includes service users in all aspects of their work.To include monitoring, development, implementation of safeguarding plans and assessment. Mental Capacity Act (2005) – This Act is aimed to protect vulnerable adults who are enable to make their own decisions and it has 5 key principles. Presumption of capacity – every adult has the right to make his or her own decisions and must be assumed to have capacity to do so unless it is proved otherwise. You cannot assume that somebody cannot make a decision for themselves Just because they have a particular medical condition or disability.Individuals being supported to make their own decisions – A person must be given all practicable help before anyone treats them as not being able to make their own decisions. You should make every effort to encourage and support people to make their own decisions. If lack of capacity is established, you should still involve the person as much as possible in making decisions. Unwise decisions – People have the right to make unwise decisions that others may think are unwise or eccentric. You cannot assume a lack of capacity for this reason.People have their own values, beliefs and preferences which may not be the same as others. Best interests – anything done for or on behalf of a person who lacks mental capacity must be done in their best interests. Less restrictive option – Someone acting on behalf of a person or making a decision for a person who lacks opacity must consider whether it is possible to act in a way that would interfere less with the person's rights and freedoms of action and whether any decision/action needs to be taken at all.Any intervention should be weighed up in the particular circumstances of the case. Safeguarding Vulnerable Groups (2006) – This saw the introduction of the vetting/ barring system and the introduction of the offence fraud by abuse of position. It has the following three key principles. Unsuitable persons should be barred from working with children or vulnerable adults. Employers should have a means of heckling that a person is not barred from working with children and vulnerable adults.Suitability checks should be part of an ongoing assessment in order to catch those who commit wrongs following a suitability check. Fraud Act (2006) – This included a new offence of fraud by abuse of position. This included the misuse of money by those appointed to manage money, for example power of attorney or a position that an agency was expected to safeguard and not to act against the financial interests of another person, or people that have abused their position. Deprivation of Liberty Safeguards (2008) – This is part of the legal framework that is et out in the Mental Capacity Act.Those unable to consent to treatment due too mental impairment should be supported in a way that does not limit their rights. It was introduced to protect the human rights of people who were in certain settings does not apply to people who have been detained under the Mental Health Act 1983. Deprivation of Liberty should ensure that people can be given the care they need in the least restrictive regimes, prevents decisions that deprive vulnerable people of their liberty and allows people the right to challenge against an unlawful detention.Health and Social C are Act (2008), (Regulated Activities), Regulations 2010 and the Care Quality Commission (Registration) Regulations 2009 – This led to the creation of the Care Quality Commission to regulate services using the essential standards of quality and safety, with the emphasis on outcomes and what can be expected from care providers. The regulations in relation to safeguarding are; Respecting and involving people who use services. Consent to care and treatment and a client can be confident that their human rights are respected and taken into account.Care and welfare of people that use services – roper steps must be taken to ensure that each client is protected against the risks of receiving care or treatment that is inappropriate or unsafe. Safeguarding people who use services from abuse – suitable arrangements should be made to ensure that clients are safeguarded against the risk of abuse by taking reasonable stops to identify the possibility of abuse and prevent it b efore it occurs and respond appropriately to any allegations of abuse.Cleanliness and infection control – measure must be taken so far as reasonable practicable to ensure that clients and workers are protected against identifiable risks of infection. Management of medicines – clients are to be protected against the risks associated with the unsafe use and management of medicines. Appropriate arrangements are to be made for obtaining, recording, handling, using, safe keeping, dispensing, safe administration and disposal of medicines.Safety and suitability of premises – We must ensure that clients and workers that have access to premises are protected in that the design and layout is suitable and appropriate security measures have been taken. Safety, availability and suitability of equipment – Suitable arrangements must be made to rote clients and workers who may be at risk from the use of unsafe equipment. Equipment must be properly maintained and suitable for its purpose and must be used correctly.Requirements relating to workers – Companies to ensure that the person is of good character and has the relevant skills and experience to do the work and to ensure that the necessary checks, (DB'S), have been carried out. Supporting Workers – Workers should be supported by their Managers to ensure that they are appropriately supported in relation to their responsibilities to ensure they do their job to the required standard.Assessing and monitoring the quality of service provision – this should be regularly reviewed and clients should benefit from safe quality care, treatment and support in relation to decision making and the management of risks to their health, welfare and safety. Notification of other incidents – the commission must be notified of any incidents which occur whilst services are being provided. In relation to safeguarding this is any abuse or allegation of abuse that has been made or any incident which is reported to, or investigated by, the police. Reemerging from vulnerable adult to adult at risk. The Government are due to consider the recommendations with a view to introducing legislation. The recommendations are as follows; Local social services have the lead in co ordination responsibility for safeguarding. Local authorities have a duty to investigate adult protection cases And can either do this themselves or refer the investigation to another agency but this must be monitored by them. The local authorities would have the power to request co operation in adult protection investigations.An adult at risk can be defined as a person who appears to have health or social care needs, the person must appear to e at risk of harm rather than significant harm, the person appears unable to safeguard themselves from harm due to their health and social care needs. Harm is defined as ill treatment, (to include exploitation that is not physical), the impairment of health and developm ent, self harm and neglect and unlawful conduct that affects a persons property, rights or interests. Local authorities should have the lead role in establishing and maintaining safeguarding boards.The local authority, NASH and Police would be required to nominate a safeguarding board member that has the appropriate knowledge and skills. New compulsory and emergency powers should be set out for local authorities and adult protection cases, for example, power of entry or exclusion orders. Statement of Government Principles on adult safeguarding (2011) – local multi agencies should support and encourage communities to find their solutions locally. Guidance is given on how principles can be turned into outcomes.The six principles are; Empowerment – presumption of person led decisions and informed consent. Protection -support and representation for those in greatest need. Prevention – it is better to take action before harm occurs. Proportionality – proportio nate and least intrusive response appropriate to the risk presented. Partnership – Local solutions through services working with their communities. Communities have a part to play in preventing, detecting and reporting neglect and abuse. Accountability – Accountability and transparency in delivering safeguarding. 1. Explain the protocols and referral procedures when harm or abuse is alleged or suspected Within Sad/Alpha we have a Vulnerable Adult safeguarding lead. When a worker has concerns or a client has alleged abuse/harm, the first point of contact would be to discuss this with their Manager, (this should be no later than the end of he day that the allegation was made or the incident happened). If the client had made an allegation, whilst the worker was with them, they would make a factual note of what has been discussed, this would include name, date, details of allegation made and the worker's response.It is important that the client feels trusted and that no le ading questions are asked. The worker should then advise the client that they will be discussing this with their Line Manager as they have a duty of care towards them. Depending on the situation that has occurred, the worker would need to ensure that the adult at risk is made safe and if required has received medical occurred with a view to discussing whether the Police should be informed of this. If a worker has concerns about a client but an allegation hasn't been made, the worker is advised to speak to their Line Manager regarding this.As soon as realistically possible file notes should be done and together, the Manager, the Vulnerable Adult safeguarding lead and the worker will agree on the next course of action that needs to be taken. It is at this point it is important to remember that if the Manager and the worker do not agree on the next course of action then they are able to go to Senior Management level to discuss this further. . Sad/Alpha is a non statutory agency so, if we do have a concern regarding abuse, we would refer this onto the statutory agency that is working with the client.We would contact them as soon as realistically possible and follow this up with a written file note. If there is no statutory agency involvement, we would contact the Adult Social Services Locality Team to advise them of our concerns. This will usually mean speaking to the Duty Officer for the team. We would then follow this up with a written file note and send this across to the Duty Officer. Sometimes the Locality Team will check on their system, and, if there has been statutory agency involvement we were unaware of, they would request that we refer the matter to the relevant agency involved.Sometimes when a statutory agency, (for example SCHISM), have advised that they will be taking no further action and we disagree with this, we would then go back to the relevant Locality Team. They may well agree with the decision that has been made, and, if this is the case we w ould Just file note it accordingly. If however, they decide that action does need to be taken, it is the role of the Locality am to lead on this with the statutory agency. Internally, the seriousness of the incident will need to be assessed by the Manager and the Vulnerable Adult lead.If the incident is considered to be minor, we would complete a sudden untoward incident form and still advise the lead statutory agency Within Alpha is it my responsibility to ensure that all staff have been trained in Vulnerable Adult Safeguarding and that they are all aware of the reporting procedures/paperwork that needs to be completed. All workers know that any concerns have to be reported directly to myself, and, if I am absent, be reported to my Manager. The workers know that they are responsible for informing me as soon as possible and following this up with a written file note.They are aware that this type of information can be shared and that client confidentiality can be broken in this insta nce. Everything to do with the concerns raised or allegations made is documented in a file note and locked away in a secure filing cabinet. It is my responsibility to ensure that everything has been documented and stored. Safeguarding and the prevention of abuse As mentioned above, Sad/Alpha have a Vulnerable Adult Safeguarding Lead that I will liaise with if a safeguarding concern as been brought to my attention.It is mandatory for all staff to attend Vulnerable Adults Safeguarding training. Sad/Alpha have written their own company policies in relation to safeguarding. The safeguarding policy itself defines an adult at risk of harm, lists the types of physical/mental abuse or harm that can occur and the reporting procedure that should be followed if an allegation is made or if they have any concerns, (as outlined above). All staff who have read the policy will be aware of who they need to report to in the first instance and the importance of writing down and recording factual file notes.These policies have been written in line with the No Secrets Act (2000), The Mental Capacity Act (2005), Human Rights Act (1998) and Safeguarding Adults (2005). The other policy that needs to be read and understood in connection with safeguarding is the Sad/Alpha Weightlessness policy. This policy firstly reassures a staff member that they can make a disclosure within a positive and supportive environment and that there will be no reprisals from bringing a matter to their Manager's attention. The reporting procedure is outlined in the policy, and if the member of staff has a concern about a colleague, they will report directly to their LineManager. If, however, the concern is in relation to their Line Manager, they will report the matter to Senior Management level to be investigated. All staff are aware that they have a duty of care towards clients, their colleagues and themselves. I do believe that risk assessments that are regularly reviewed are extremely important to try an d prevent abuse occurring. Alpha risk assessments covers areas such as historical risk, risk to self, risk to others, risk from others and environmental risks. When we assess a client we will complete a risk assessment form and the client will be marked for overall risk.We can then discuss with the relevant worker/professional how to minimize risk, for example, one of our clients has historically made an allegation of sexual assault against a male worker from another agency. This client is currently being seen in pairs and the two workers are female. Risk assessments will only be successful if they are reviewed regularly as a matter of course. Communication is also very important, not Just between other agencies, but within the team. All staff members must know who to report concerns to and what to do. If a Manager is made aware of a possible concern/risk, this must be passed onto the rocker and vice versa.All complaints must be investigated, (no matter how small or minor they appea r to be), they must be documented correctly and the necessary action must be taken if required. Within Alpha we always encourage staff to try and view a complaint as a positive thing rather than a criticism. By reviewing and investigating complaints, our Care plans are also important in relation to safeguarding and these will also only be successful if they are reviewed on a regular basis and are communicated clearly to all staff that are working with the client.For example, we are currently working with a an who has poor eyesight and is unable to use the cash point unsupervised. Unbeknown to him, his friends have been withdrawing money from his account. His care plan has now changed in the respect that we have temporary power of attorney of his money and make all cash withdrawals at the bank for him keeping an accurate record of all money that has been spent. Sad/Alpha also have a responsibility to follow up on any references when people apply for a Job and to ensure that workers a re not working with a client unsupervised until they have had a satisfactory DB'S check.Regular training and supporting staff on a regular basis is also key. 4. Recommend proposals for improvements in systems and procedures in own service setting Within Alpha, I believe that we are very good at communicating with each other and as a team. I would however like to improve this by coming up with regular training sessions/staff meetings where we can all get together and share our thoughts and ideas and that staff and Managers can be updated on what is happening with regards to all clients to include risks and safeguarding.I like to hold supervision regularly, and as part of supervision, we discuss the clients that the worker is currently seeing, we review their care plan and make any required changes. This would also be a good time to update risk assessments, but all staff are aware that anything in relation to risk should be brought to my attention as soon as possible and that they sho uld not wait for a supervision.I do receive daily feedback from staff in relation to their visits. However, I would like to be more â€Å"hands off' with regards to client work and be able to spend my time working with staff on their visits and also visiting clients to perform an audit of our services and this would include risk. The audit could then be shared with the worker who would know that they loud need to action any of the relevant points and feedback to me when this had been completed.I think this would be of benefit to the client and to the worker who would be mindful that regular audits were going to occur which, in turn, would make them more aware that policies and procedures do need to be adhered to and it reinforces our duty of care. I think that our policies and procedures as a company are fairly robust, however, these may be subject to change in the near future if adult safeguarding becomes statutory along the same lines as child protection. I have now adopted a sys tem, that should there be a change in risk, a new risk assessment form is completed.I would however like to visit the clients on a quarterly basis at least to re evaluate risk regardless of whether their circumstances have changed or not. Although our team has a case load of regular clients, I believe that it is important that they are occasionally seen by somebody else who is not so used to them. It is very easy to become blinkered to risk/harm and a new set of eyes can be very important when reviewing this. I would like to implement a regular shuffle around within the unit/AC Learner signature: Assessor signature: Date: